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Ammonium Chloride

Fakta Disemak oleh Hello Doktor Medical Panel


Ditulis oleh Anh Pham · Disemak pada 12/05/2020

Know the basics

What is ammonium chloride used for?

Ammonium Chloride, after dilution in isotonic sodium chloride injection, may be indicated in the treatment of patients with hypochloremic states and metabolic alkalosis. Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl and a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water.

How should I take ammonium chloride?

Ammonium Chloride Injection, USP is administered intravenously and must be diluted before use. Solutions for intravenous infusion should not exceed a concentration of 1% to 2% of Ammonium Chloride.

How do I store ammonium chloride?

Ammonium chloride is best stored at room temperature away from direct light and moisture. To prevent drug damage, you should not store ammonium chloride in the bathroom or the freezer. There may be different brands of ammonium chloride that may have different storage needs. It is important to always check the product package for instructions on storage, or ask your pharmacist. For safety, you should keep all medicines away from children and pets.

You should not flush ammonium chloride down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. It is important to properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist for more details about how to safely discard your product.

Know the precautions & warnings

What should I know before using ammonium chloride?

Before using ammonium chloride:

  • Tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to it or any other drugs.
  • Tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription drugs you are taking, including vitamins.
  • Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding.
  • Tell your doctor if you have severe renal or hepatic impairment.
  • Is it safe to take ammonium chloride during pregnancy or breast-feeding?

    There are no adequate studies in women for determining risk when using this medication during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Please always consult with your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before taking this medication. This medication is pregnancy risk category C according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

    FDA pregnancy risk category reference below:

    • A=No risk,
    • B=No risk in some studies,
    • C=There may be some risk,
    • D=Positive evidence of risk,
    • X=Contraindicated,
    • N=Unknown.

    Know the side effects

    What are the side effects of ammonium chloride?

    Side effects include:

    • Pain and irritation at the site of inj or along the venous route if the rate of IV admin is too rapid;
    • Rash;
    • Headache;
    • Progressive drowsiness;
    • Mental confusion;
    • Hyperventilation;
    • Bradycardia and phases of excitement alternating with coma.

    Not everyone experiences these side effects. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have any concerns about a side-effect, please consult your doctor or pharmacist.

    Know the interactions

    What drugs may interact with ammonium chloride?

    Ammonium chloride may interact with other drugs that you are currently taking, which can change how your drug works or increase your risk for serious side effects. To avoid any potential drug interactions, you should keep a list of all the drugs you are using (including prescription drugs, non-prescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. For your safety, do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any drugs without your doctor’s approval.

    Does food or alcohol interact with ammonium chloride?

    Ammonium chloride may interact with food or alcohol by altering the way the drug works or increase the risk for serious side effects. Please discuss with your doctor or pharmacist any potential food or alcohol interactions before using this drug.

    What health conditions may interact with ammonium chloride?

    Ammonium chloride may interact with your health condition. This interaction may worsen your health condition or alter the way the drug works. It is important to always let your doctor and pharmacist know all the health conditions you currently have, especially:

    • Pulmonary insufficiency;
    • Cardiac oedema;
    • High total carbon dioxide.

    Understand the Dosage

    The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before using this medication.

    What is the dose of Ammonium Chloride for an adult?

    As an acidifying agent

    Adult: Dosage depends on severity of the condition and tolerance of the patient. Solution should be diluted before use and rate of IV infusion should not exceed 5 ml/minute. Monitor dosage by repeating serum bicarbonate determinations.

    Reconstitution: Dilute before use; final concentration should not exceed 1-2% ammonium chloride. Solution containing 100-200 mEq of ammonium chloride should be diluted with 500 or 1000 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride inj prior to admin.

    Incompatibility: Incompatible with levorphanol when admixed.

    What is the dose of Ammonium Chloride for a child?

    The dosage has not been established in pediatric patients. It may be unsafe for your child. It is always important to fully understand the safety of the drug before using. Please consult with your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

    How is ammonium chloride available?

    Ammonium chloride is available in the following dosage forms and strengths:

    Injection: 100 mEq (5 mEq/mL)

    What should I do in case of an emergency or overdose?

    In case of an emergency or an overdose, call your local emergency services or go to your nearest emergency room.

    Overdosage may lead to serious metabolic acidosis, disorientation, confusion and coma. Treatment: Administer an alkalinising solution such as sodium bicarbonate or sodium lactate to correct the acidosis.

    What should I do if I miss a dose?

    If you miss a dose of ammonium chloride, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your regular dose as scheduled. Do not take a double dose.

    Penafian

    Hello Health Group tidak menawarkan nasihat perubatan, diagnosis atau rawatan.

    Fakta Disemak oleh

    Hello Doktor Medical Panel


    Ditulis oleh Anh Pham · Disemak pada 12/05/2020

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