Prediabetes is not a disease but a warning sign that you may have type 2 diabetes in the near future as it involves high levels of blood sugar, yet not high enough to be categorized as type 2 diabetes. Although having prediabetes raises your risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the next 10 years, you can still prevent that development from happening. Here is some information you may find helpful in fighting diabetes.
How do I know whether I have prediabetes?
Usually, you have no specific symptoms or signs until you are in serious diabetic condition. However, acanthosis nigricans can be an early signal. It is a condition which darkens your skin, usually on your neck, armpits, elbows, knees, and knuckles.
You should appoint to your doctor if you are concerned about diabetes or if you notice any type 2 diabetes signs or symptoms — increased thirst and frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision.
What are the risk factors of having prediabetes?
Risk factors for prediabetes are similar to those of type 2 diabetes, including being overweight, having a large waist, an inactive lifestyle, older age, family history of diabetes, gestational diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome and lack of sleep.
What are the tests to diagnose prediabetes?
Prediabetes can be detected by using Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test, which examines your average blood sugar level for the past few months.
A1C test can be inaccurate if you are pregnant or have an uncommon form of hemoglobin (known as a hemoglobin variant). In those cases, there are several alternatives:
- Fasting blood sugar test. In this test, a blood sample will be taken after you fast for at least eight hours or overnight.
- Oral glucose tolerance test. This test is designed specifically for pregnant women. The oral glucose tolerance test also requires overnight fasting. You will take a fasting blood sugar test, following by a sugary drink. Your blood sugar levels will be tested periodically for several hours.
You may still stay away from type 2 diabetes by adopting a healthier lifestyle. It is recommended to keep a balanced diet, lose your extra weight, and start exercising regularly. Smoking is not advisable. If you have high blood pressure or high cholesterol, take medicines as directed by your doctor.
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